China's industrial supply chains, taken apart stage by stage.

Independent research on who makes what in China's key industries, who supplies whom, and where the bottlenecks are.

Industry maps

All industries

  • Electric Vehicles

    新能源汽车

    How China's EV chain fits together, from lithium and magnets to cells, drive systems, thermal parts and cars, with each stage's leaders and margins.

    Explore the chain
    1Upstream
    1. Lithium Mining & Refining锂资源与锂盐
    1. Rare-Earth Permanent Magnets稀土永磁
    2. Battery Separators隔膜
    3. Anode Materials负极材料
    4. Cathode Materials正极材料

      Built from Lithium Mining & Refining

    5. Battery Electrolyte电解液
    2Midstream
    1. Power Semiconductors功率半导体
    1. Electric Drive Systems电驱动系统

      Built from Rare-Earth Permanent Magnets, Power Semiconductors

    2. Battery Cells动力电池电芯

      Built from Cathode Materials, Battery Separators, Anode Materials, Battery Electrolyte

    3. Thermal Management热管理
    3Downstream
    1. Charging & Battery Swapping充换电
    2. Finished Electric Vehicles新能源整车

      Built from Battery Cells, Electric Drive Systems, Thermal Management

    3. Battery Recycling动力电池回收

  • Energy Storage

    储能

    How China's grid battery storage chain fits together, from lithium and cell materials to cells, power converters and integrated systems, with margins.

    Explore the chain
    1Upstream
    1. Lithium Mining & Refining锂资源与锂盐
    1. Battery Separators隔膜
    2. Anode Materials负极材料
    3. Cathode Materials正极材料

      Built from Lithium Mining & Refining

    4. Battery Electrolyte电解液
    2Midstream
    1. Power Semiconductors功率半导体
    1. Storage Power Conversion Systems (PCS)储能变流器

      Built from Power Semiconductors

    2. Battery Cells动力电池电芯

      Built from Cathode Materials, Battery Separators, Anode Materials, Battery Electrolyte

    3. Storage Thermal Management储能温控
    3Downstream
    1. Energy Storage Systems储能系统集成

      Built from Battery Cells, Storage Power Conversion Systems (PCS), Storage Thermal Management

    2. Battery Recycling动力电池回收

  • Humanoid Robots

    人形机器人

    How China's humanoid robot chain fits together, from magnets and motors to reducers, screws, actuators and robots, with each stage's leaders and weak points.

    Explore the chain
    1Upstream
    1. Rare-Earth Permanent Magnets稀土永磁
    2Midstream
    1. Harmonic Reducers谐波减速器
    2. Servo & Frameless Torque Motors伺服与无框力矩电机

      Built from Rare-Earth Permanent Magnets

    3. Planetary Roller Screws行星滚柱丝杠
    1. Robot Compute Chips机器人算力芯片
    2. Robot Joint Actuators机器人关节执行器

      Built from Servo & Frameless Torque Motors, Harmonic Reducers, Planetary Roller Screws

    3. Dexterous Hands & Force Sensors灵巧手与力传感器
    3Downstream
    1. Finished Humanoid Robots人形机器人整机

      Built from Robot Joint Actuators, Robot Compute Chips, Dexterous Hands & Force Sensors

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